What is Cord of Green Apple Wood Weight?
A cord of green apple wood weight is the measure of the weight of a stack of green apple wood measuring 4 ft. high, 8 ft. long and 4 ft. wide. A cord of green apple wood usually weighs between 2,000 and 3,000 pounds. A full cord is 128 cubic feet of wood, while a face cord is one-third of a full cord. Green apple wood is a hardwood that is often used for firewood and can burn for a long time.Taking a cord of green apple wood and weighing it can give you valuable information on its weight. For instance, you can determine whether it has a wet or dry weight. You can also learn what its specific gravity is.
Specific gravity
Among woodworkers, specific gravity is a standardized measurement for how much weight a cubic meter of wood weighs. The weight is measured in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3). Woodworkers also use other standards to gauge the same thing.
The specific gravity of wood depends on several factors, including the moisture content of the wood and the amount of air in the wood. For instance, the particular gravity of wood increases ten to twenty percent as it dries. Dense wood has more moisture content. The tree’s size and shape also influence the wood’s particular gravity.
Woodworkers usually use the 12% oven-dry weight and volume to measure the specific gravity of wood. This is a good indicator of the strength of wood. However, the real test determines the power of a particular wood specimen. To do so, a wood specimen must be tested in a controlled environment. Alternatively, woodworkers could use real-world examples. However, this is much more difficult for fresh-cut wood.
Another test is to determine the pulp-to-peel ratio. A ratio of over 3.20 indicates maturity, and less than 3.20 shows immaturity. This ratio is used to gauge the maturity of a wood apple. It is also helpful to understand the color of wood apple pulp. The ‘green’ color of the pulp is a good indicator of its moisture content.
The IWCS “Useful Woods of the World” or the Wood Database is a good source for the basics. They have a table of wood properties. The table is in the public domain and can be copied without limit. It contains the standard measurement of several wood types. You can also look at North American trees’ fundamental specific gravity. These can be found online.
While the specific gravity of wood is essential, it is only one of many factors that need to be considered when selecting a species for a particular purpose. For example, red gum has higher shock resistance than Douglas fir.
Wet weight vs. dry weight
Compared to hardwoods, softwoods are easier to handle and faster to burn. They can be used in emergencies where you might need to burn the wood to clear the fire. The moisture content of the wood determines its density. Generally, hardwoods have a higher moisture content than softwoods, but that is only sometimes the case.
There are many things to consider when estimating the dry weight of wood. In particular, you need to consider the moisture content of the wood, the drying time, and how many cubic feet the wood will take to dry. It would help if you also considered the climate and relative humidity of the area.
The dry weight of a cubic foot of wood can vary quite a bit depending on the species and the prevailing weather conditions. It can take six months to a year or more for wood to dry completely. Wood seasoning involves covering the wood with snow or rain to help it dry out. Consider splitting the wood to allow it to dry faster.
The wood’s specific gravity, or density, can also be a factor. The average moisture content of wood in the United States is around 12% during summer and about 3-4 percent during winter. However, leaving the wood in the rain too long may only dry out partially.
The green weight of a cubic foot of wood is slightly more than that of kiln-dried lumber. As a rule of thumb, you can expect a dry weight of about two-thirds of the green weight. That’s almost a half pound more than a kiln-dried board.
The wet weight of a cubic foot of wood is quite a bit higher. The moisture content of timber also determines its density. The wet weight of a cubic foot can be as high as 50 percent or more. When drying, the wet weight of the wood will be absorbed through the ends of the cut pieces. This is one of the reasons why it’s better to burn wood that has been left out in the rain.
Earlywood vs. latewood
Fires have increased over the past decade among Western Cape and South Africa trees. Increased temperatures and drought conditions have contributed to the occurrence of fires. However, reliable information on pines’ growth rhythm still needs to be improved. The impact of fires on pines and the transition of earlywood to latewood may need to be clarified. However, further investigation into the effect of fires on wood formation will provide information on fire-specific products.
A study was conducted to examine the impact of surface fires on the proportions of earlywood and latewood. In particular, the effect of fire on growth rings was investigated. Several tree ring width measurements were conducted on P. radiata using a LINTAB TM 6 Tree-Ring Station. These measurements were compared to unburnt trees of the same stand.
A comparison of growth rings was performed to determine the effect of fire and drought on the ratios of earlywood and latewood. During the fire year 2009, a regular earlywood utilization pattern was disrupted. This resulted in a reduction in the width of the earlywood band. Despite the decrease in earlywood width, the latewood/earlywood ratio did not change significantly between the burnt and control sites. The balance took a long time to return to its pre-fire values.
The study indicated that fire-induced reductions in the ratio of earlywood and latewood could last up to three years. However, there may be other factors affecting the balance. Several abiotic stresses may also influence the proportions of earlywood and latewood. For example, crown damage, root damage, and ash intake may have an effect. Moreover, the timing of the fire may also play a role.
In addition to the effect of fire on the latewood/earlywood ratio, the impact of fire on annual basal area increment was investigated. Differences in basal area increment between the burnt and control sites were assessed using the Tamhane T2-test. Moreover, growth rings were analyzed to determine how the earlywood and latewood widths change each year. These changes were used to understand better how fire impacts wood formation.
Pine vs. oak
During the first few decades of the twentieth century, the Forest Products Laboratory at the California State University, Dominguez Hills, tested wood specimens to measure over 25 different wood properties. Many of these tests were performed on green wood from the tree. The results of these tests were compiled into a table of typical properties of wood. The table is available for copying without restrictions.
Some of the most important properties of wood include density, strength, and shrinkage. These properties are usually measured at different stages of drying. For example, when a tree is green, it has a higher moisture content than when the wood is dried. Therefore, it must be weighed at various drying stages to determine its weight. The resulting weight value is expressed in units of pounds. For example, lignum vitae, commonly called the heaviest wood, weighs 85 pounds per cubic foot of green lumber.
If you want to know more about these properties, you can use the IWCS “Useful Woods of the World” table. Another good source of fundamental specific gravity is the Wood Database. The values listed for wood properties are averaged across species. They are also available for most species in the 2010 Wood Handbook.
In addition to density and strength, wood shrinkage can be estimated. These figures should be considered relative shrinkage between woods after exposure to uniform atmospheric conditions. If you have access to a specific lot of wood, you can test the wood and determine the shrinkage rate. Then you can use that information to estimate the resulting estimates. For example, if you have a cord of lignum vitae that has been dried for five years, the weight would be six pounds, equivalent to two pounds of wood, after a tangential shrinkage of eight percent.
The strength values in Table 1 are index numbers used to compare species. However, presenting individual test values would take time and effort. For these reasons, the figures in Table 1 are averages.
